Short Citation
OCM Partners, 2025: 2017 USGS Lidar: Southeast Wisconsin (Kenosha and Racine Counties), https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/58874.
Full Citation Examples

Abstract

Product: These lidar data are processed Classified LAS 1.4 files, formatted to 1,228 individual 2500 ft x 2500 ft tiles; used to create Reflectance Images, 3D breaklines and hydro-flattened DEMs as necessary.

Geographic Extent: Kenosha and Racine counties, Wisconsin covering approximately 3,844 square miles.

Dataset Description: WI Kenosha-Racine Counties and IL 4 County QL1 Lidar project called for the Planning, Acquisition, processing and derivative products of lidar data to be collected at a derived nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 1 point every 0.35 meters.

Project specifications are based on the U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Program Base Lidar Specification, Version 1.2. The data was developed based on a horizontal projection/datum of NAD83 (2011), State Plane, U.S Survey Feet and vertical datum of NAVD88 (GEOID12B), U.S. Survey Feet. Lidar data was delivered as processed Classified LAS 1.4 files, formatted to 1,228 individual 2500 ft x 2500 ft tiles, as tiled Reflectance Imagery, and as tiled bare earth DEMs; all tiled to the same 2500 ft x 2500 ft schema.

Ground Conditions: Lidar was collected April-May 2017, while no snow was on the ground and rivers were at or below normal levels. In order to post process the lidar data to meet task order specifications and meet ASPRS vertical accuracy guidelines, Ayers established a total of 70 ground control points that were used to calibrate the lidar to known ground locations established throughout the WI Kenosha-Racine Counties and IL 4 County QL1 project area. An additional 53 independent accuracy checkpoints, 27 in Bare Earth and Urban landcovers (27 NVA points), 26 in Tall Grass and Brushland/Low Trees categories (26 VVA points), were used to assess the vertical accuracy of the data. These checkpoints were not used to calibrate or post process the data.

Customized Download

Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc. A new metadata will be produced to reflect your request using this record as a base. Change to an orthometric vertical datum is one of the many options.
Bulk Download

LAS/LAZ - LASer

Bulk download of data files in LAZ format, geographic coordinates, orthometric heights. Note that the vertical datum (hence elevations) of the files here are different than described in this document. They will be in an orthometric datum.

Access Constraints:

None

Use Constraints:

Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.

COASTAL BATHYMETRY, COASTAL ELEVATION, TERRAIN ELEVATION

No Child Items for this record.

Point of Contact
NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM)
coastal.info@noaa.gov
(843) 740-1202
https://coast.noaa.gov

Metadata Contact
NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM)
coastal.info@noaa.gov
(843) 740-1202
https://coast.noaa.gov

Geographic Area 1

Leaflet © OpenStreetMap

-88.841623° W, -87.470982° E, 42.846901° N, 41.438014° S

Time Frame 1
2017-04-16 - 2017-05-07

Title:	2017 USGS Lidar: Southeast Wisconsin (Kenosha and Racine Counties)
Short Name:	2017 kenosha racine lidar m9019
Status:	Completed
Publication Date:	2018-09-07
Abstract:	Product: These lidar data are processed Classified LAS 1.4 files, formatted to 1,228 individual 2500 ft x 2500 ft tiles; used to create Reflectance Images, 3D breaklines and hydro-flattened DEMs as necessary. Geographic Extent: Kenosha and Racine counties, Wisconsin covering approximately 3,844 square miles. Dataset Description: WI Kenosha-Racine Counties and IL 4 County QL1 Lidar project called for the Planning, Acquisition, processing and derivative products of lidar data to be collected at a derived nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 1 point every 0.35 meters. Project specifications are based on the U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Program Base Lidar Specification, Version 1.2. The data was developed based on a horizontal projection/datum of NAD83 (2011), State Plane, U.S Survey Feet and vertical datum of NAVD88 (GEOID12B), U.S. Survey Feet. Lidar data was delivered as processed Classified LAS 1.4 files, formatted to 1,228 individual 2500 ft x 2500 ft tiles, as tiled Reflectance Imagery, and as tiled bare earth DEMs; all tiled to the same 2500 ft x 2500 ft schema. Ground Conditions: Lidar was collected April-May 2017, while no snow was on the ground and rivers were at or below normal levels. In order to post process the lidar data to meet task order specifications and meet ASPRS vertical accuracy guidelines, Ayers established a total of 70 ground control points that were used to calibrate the lidar to known ground locations established throughout the WI Kenosha-Racine Counties and IL 4 County QL1 project area. An additional 53 independent accuracy checkpoints, 27 in Bare Earth and Urban landcovers (27 NVA points), 26 in Tall Grass and Brushland/Low Trees categories (26 VVA points), were used to assess the vertical accuracy of the data. These checkpoints were not used to calibrate or post process the data.
Purpose:	To acquire detailed surface elevation data for use in conservation planning, design, research, floodplain mapping, dam safety assessments and elevation modeling, etc. Classified LAS files are used to show the manually reviewed bare earth surface. This allows the user to create Reflectance Images, Breaklines and Raster DEM. The purpose of these lidar data was to produce high accuracy 3D hydro-flattened Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with a 2 foot cell size. These lidar point cloud data were used to create Reflectance Images, 3D breaklines, and hydro-flattened DEMs as necessary.
Supplemental Information:	USGS Contract No. G16PC00020 CONTRACTOR: Dewberry SUBCONTRACTOR: Harris Corporation Lidar data were acquired and calibrated by Harris Coporation. All follow-on processing was completed by the prime contractor. The following are the USGS lidar fields in JSON: { "ldrinfo" : { "ldrspec" : "U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) - National Geospatial Program (NGP) Lidar Base Specification v1.2", "ldrsens" : "Harris GmAPD Mapping LiDAR Sensor", "ldrmaxnr" : "1 per detector (4096 detectors)", "ldrnps" : "0.316", "ldrdens" : "10", "ldranps" : "0.224", "ldradens" : "20", "ldrfltht" : "7620", "ldrfltsp" : "240", "ldrscana" : "15", "ldrscanr" : "17.7", "ldrpulsr" : "50", "ldrpulsd" : "0.46", "ldrpulsw" : "0.138", "ldrwavel" : "1064", "ldrmpia" : "1", "ldrbmdiv" : "0.05", "ldrswatw" : "3810", "ldrswato" : "55", "ldrgeoid" : "National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Geoid12B" }, "ldraccur" : { "ldrchacc" : "0.57", "rawnva" : "0.1", "rawnvan" : "27", "clsnva" : "0.189", "clsnvan" : "2", "clsvva" : "0.085", "clsvvan" : "2" }, "lasinfo" : { "lasver" : "1.4", "lasprf" : "6", "laswheld" : "The Withheld bit was not used as it is not applicable to a Geiger-mode sensor.", "lasolap" : "The Overlap bit was not used as it is not applicable to a Geiger-mode sensor.", "lasintrz" : "16", "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "1", "clasitem" : "Processed, but Unclassified" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "2", "clasitem" : "Bare Earth Ground" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "7", "clasitem" : "Low Noise" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "9", "clasitem" : "Water" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "10", "clasitem" : "Ignored Ground" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "17", "clasitem" : "Bridge Decks" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "18", "clasitem" : "High Noise" } }}

Theme Keywords

Thesaurus

Keyword

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords

EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords

EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > BATHYMETRY > COASTAL BATHYMETRY

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords

EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION

Spatial Keywords

Thesaurus

Keyword

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords

CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords

VERTICAL LOCATION > LAND SURFACE

UNCONTROLLED

None

Continent > North America > United States Of America > Kenosha County

None

Continent > North America > United States Of America > Racine County

Instrument Keywords

Thesaurus

Keyword

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords

LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging

Platform Keywords

Thesaurus

Keyword

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords

Airplane > Airplane

Organization:	Office for Coastal Management
City:	Charleston
State/Province:	SC

Data Set Scope Code:	Data Set
Data Set Type:	Elevation
Maintenance Frequency:	None Planned
Data Presentation Form:	Model (digital)
Distribution Liability:	Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, the Office for Coastal Management or its partners
Data Set Credit:	USGS, Dewberry

Data Steward

CC ID: 897342

Date Effective From:	2020
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization):	NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM)
Address:	2234 South Hobson Ave Charleston, SC 29405-2413
Email Address:	coastal.info@noaa.gov
Phone:	(843) 740-1202
URL:	https://coast.noaa.gov

Distributor

CC ID: 897343

Date Effective From:	2020
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization):	NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM)
Address:	2234 South Hobson Ave Charleston, SC 29405-2413
Email Address:	coastal.info@noaa.gov
Phone:	(843) 740-1202
URL:	https://coast.noaa.gov

Metadata Contact

CC ID: 897344

Date Effective From:	2020
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization):	NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM)
Address:	2234 South Hobson Ave Charleston, SC 29405-2413
Email Address:	coastal.info@noaa.gov
Phone:	(843) 740-1202
URL:	https://coast.noaa.gov

Point of Contact

CC ID: 897345

Date Effective From:	2020
Date Effective To:
Contact (Organization):	NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM)
Address:	2234 South Hobson Ave Charleston, SC 29405-2413
Email Address:	coastal.info@noaa.gov
Phone:	(843) 740-1202
URL:	https://coast.noaa.gov

Currentness Reference:	Ground Condition

Extent Group 1

Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1

CC ID: 1143821

W° Bound:	-88.841623	Leaflet © OpenStreetMap
E° Bound:	-87.470982
N° Bound:	42.846901
S° Bound:	41.438014

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1

CC ID: 1143820

Time Frame Type:	Range
Start:	2017-04-16
End:	2017-05-07

Spatial Resolution

Horizontal Distance:	0.2 Meter

Spatial Representation

Representations Used

Grid:	No
Vector:	Yes
Text / Table:	No
TIN:	No
Stereo Model:	No
Video:	No

Vector Representation 1

CC ID: 897338

Point Object Present?:	Yes
Point Object Count:	36594916796

Security Class:	Unclassified
Data Access Procedure:	Data is available online for bulk or custom downloads
Data Access Constraints:	None
Data Use Constraints:	Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.

Distribution 1

CC ID: 897349

Start Date:	2020-02-14
End Date:	Present
Download URL:	https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=9019
Distributor:	NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM) (2020 - Present)
File Name:	Customized Download
Description:	Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc. A new metadata will be produced to reflect your request using this record as a base. Change to an orthometric vertical datum is one of the many options.
File Type (Deprecated):	Zip
Compression:	Zip

Distribution 2

CC ID: 897350

Start Date:	2020-02-14
End Date:	Present
Download URL:	https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/9019/index.html
Distributor:	NOAA Office for Coastal Management (NOAA/OCM) (2020 - Present)
File Name:	Bulk Download
Description:	Bulk download of data files in LAZ format, geographic coordinates, orthometric heights. Note that the vertical datum (hence elevations) of the files here are different than described in this document. They will be in an orthometric datum.
File Type (Deprecated):	LAZ
Distribution Format:	LAS/LAZ - LASer
Compression:	Zip

URL 1

CC ID: 897340

URL:	https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/
Name:	NOAA's Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Data Access Viewer (DAV)
URL Type:	Online Resource
File Resource Format:	HTML
Description:	The Data Access Viewer (DAV) allows a user to search for and download elevation, imagery, and land cover data for the coastal U.S. and its territories. The data, hosted by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management, can be customized and requested for free download through a checkout interface. An email provides a link to the customized data, while the original data set is available through a link within the viewer.

URL 2

CC ID: 897341

URL:	https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/9019/supplemental/extent_kenoshaRacine_2017_m9019.kmz
Name:	Browse graphic
URL Type:	Browse Graphic
File Resource Format:	KML
Description:	This graphic displays the footprint for this lidar data set.

URL 3

CC ID: 897433

URL:	https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/9019/supplemental/GCP_Survey_Report.pdf
Name:	Survey Report
URL Type:	Online Resource
File Resource Format:	PDF
Description:	Checkpoint Survey Report

Vertical Positional Accuracy:

The project specifications require that only Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) be computed for raw lidar point cloud swath files. The required accuracy (ACCz) is: 19.6 cm (0.64 ft) at a 95% confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, i.e., based on RMSE of 10 cm (0.33 ft) in the “bare earth” and "urban" land cover classes. The NVA was tested with 27 checkpoints located in bare earth and urban (non-vegetated) areas. These check points were not used in the calibration or post processing of the lidar point cloud data. The checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and were surveyed using GPS techniques. See survey report for additional survey methodologies. Elevations from the unclassified lidar surface were measured for the x,y location of each check point. Elevations interpolated from the lidar surface were then compared to the elevation values of the surveyed control points. AccuracyZ has been tested to meet 19.6 cm (0.64 ft) or better Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy at 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASRPS Guidelines. Quantitative value: 0.1, Test that produced the value: Tested 0.1 meters (0.33 ft) NVA at a 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA). The NVA of the raw lidar point cloud swath files was calculated against TINs derived from the final calibrated and controlled swath data using 27 independent checkpoints located in Bare Earth and Urban land cover classes.

NVA = 10 cm (0.33 ft) at a 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600. (RMSE = 5.10 cm)

Completeness Report:

These LAS data files include all data points collected. No points have been removed or excluded. A visual qualitative assessment was performed to ensure data completeness. No void areas or missing data exist. The raw point cloud is of good quality and data passes Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy specifications.

Conceptual Consistency:

Data covers the entire area specified for this project.

Have Resources for Management of these Data Been Identified?:	Yes
Approximate Percentage of Budget for these Data Devoted to Data Management:	Unknown
Do these Data Comply with the Data Access Directive?:	Yes
Actual or Planned Long-Term Data Archive Location:	NCEI-CO
How Will the Data Be Protected from Accidental or Malicious Modification or Deletion Prior to Receipt by the Archive?:	Data is backed up to tape and to cloud storage.

Sources

Ground Control for WI Kenosha-Racine Counties and IL 4 County QL1 lidar project

CC ID: 1143815

Contact Role Type:	Originator
Contact Type:	Organization
Contact Name:	Ayers Associates
Publish Date:	2017-05-01
Extent Type:	Discrete
Extent Start Date/Time:	2017-05-07
Scale Denominator:	50
Source Contribution:	This data source was used (along with airborne GPS/IMU data) to georeference the lidar point cloud data.

Process Steps

Process Step 1

CC ID: 1143816

Description:

The boresight for each lift was done individually as the solution may change slightly from lift to lift. The following steps describe the Raw Data Processing and Boresight process: 1) Technicians processed the raw data to LAS format flight lines using the final GPS/IMU solution. This LAS data set was used as source data for boresight. 2) Technicians first used Dewberry proprietary and commercial software to calculate initial boresight adjustment angles based on sample areas selected in the lift. These areas cover calibration flight lines collected in the lift, cross tie and production flight lines. These areas are well distributed in the lift coverage and cover multiple terrain types that are necessary for boresight angle calculation. The technician then analyzed the results and made any necessary additional adjustment until it is acceptable for the selected areas. 3) Once the boresight angle calculation was completed for the selected areas, the adjusted settings were applied to all of the flight lines of the lift and checked for consistency. The technicians utilized commercial and proprietary software packages to analyze how well flight line overlaps match for the entire lift and adjusted as necessary until the results met the project specifications. 4) Once all lifts were completed with individual boresight adjustment, the technicians checked and corrected the vertical misalignment of all flight lines and also the matching between data and ground truth. The relative accuracy was less than or equal to 6 cm (0.2 ft) RMSEz within individual swaths and less than or equal to 10 cm (0.33 ft) RMSEz or within swath overlap (between adjacent swaths). 5) The technicians ran a final vertical accuracy check of the boresighted flight lines against the surveyed check points after the z correction to ensure the requirement of NVA = 19.6 cm (0.64 ft) 95% Confidence Level (Required Accuracy) was met. Point classification was performed according to USGS Lidar Base Specification 1.2, and breaklines were collected for water features. Bare earth DEMs were exported from the classified point cloud using collected breaklines for hydroflattening.

Process Date/Time:

2017-05-07 00:00:00

Process Step 2

CC ID: 1143817

Description:

LAS Point Classification: The point classification is performed as described below. The bare earth surface is then manually reviewed to ensure correct classification on the Class 2 (Ground) points. After the bare-earth surface is finalized, it is then used to generate all hydro-breaklines through heads-up digitization. All ground (ASPRS Class 2) lidar data inside of the Lake Pond and Double Line Drain hydro flattening breaklines were then classified to water (ASPRS Class 9) using TerraScan macro functionality. A buffer of 0.35 m was also used around each hydro-flattened feature to classify these ground (ASPRS Class 2) points to Ignored ground (ASPRS Class 10). All Lake Pond Island and Double Line Drain Island features were checked to ensure that the ground (ASPRS Class 2) points were reclassified to the correct classification after the automated classification was completed. All data was manually reviewed and any remaining artifacts removed using functionality provided by TerraScan and TerraModeler. Global Mapper us used as a final check of the bare earth dataset. GeoCue was then used to create the deliverable industry-standard LAS files for both the All Point Cloud Data and the Bare Earth. Dewberry proprietary software was used to perform final statistical analysis of the classes in the LAS files, on a per tile level to verify final classification metrics and full LAS header information.

Process Date/Time:

2018-05-15 00:00:00

Process Step 3

CC ID: 1143818

Description:

The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) retrieved 2,835 lidar point cloud files in laz format from the USGS RockyFTP website. The files contained lidar elevation and intensity measurements. The data were in Illinoise East State Plane, survey feet, coordinates and NAVD88 (Geoid12B) elevations in US Survey feet. The data were classified as: 1-Unclassified, 2-Ground, 7 - Noise, 9 - Water, 10 - Ignored Ground, 17 - Bridge Deck, and 18 - High Noise. OCM processed all classifications of points to the Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV).

OCM performed the following processing on the data for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes:

1. An internal OCM script was run to check the number of points by classification and by flight ID and the gps and intensity ranges.

2. Internal OCM scripts were run on the laz files to convert from orthometric (NAVD88) elevations to ellipsoid elevations using the Geoid 12B model, to convert to geographic coordinates, to assign the geokeys, to sort the data by gps time, and zip the data to database and to http.

Process Contact:

Office for Coastal Management (OCM)

Catalog Item ID:	58874
GUID:	gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:58874
Metadata Record Created By:	Blake Waring
Metadata Record Created:	2020-02-14 15:35+0000
Metadata Record Last Modified By:	Kirk Waters
Metadata Record Last Modified:	2024-04-01 18:40+0000
Metadata Record Published:	2022-03-16
Owner Org:	OCMP
Metadata Publication Status:	Published Externally
Do Not Publish?:	N
Metadata Last Review Date:	2022-03-16
Metadata Review Frequency:	1 Year
Metadata Next Review Date:	2023-03-16

Summary

Distribution Information

Controlled Theme Keywords

Child Items

Contact Information

Extents

Item Identification

Keywords

Theme Keywords

Spatial Keywords

Instrument Keywords

Platform Keywords

Physical Location

Data Set Information

Support Roles

Data Steward

Distributor

Metadata Contact

Point of Contact

Extents

Extent Group 1

Extent Group 1 / Geographic Area 1

Extent Group 1 / Time Frame 1

Spatial Information

Spatial Resolution

Spatial Representation

Representations Used

Vector Representation 1

Access Information

Distribution Information

Distribution 1

Distribution 2

URLs

URL 1

URL 2

URL 3

Data Quality

Data Management

Lineage

Sources

Ground Control for WI Kenosha-Racine Counties and IL 4 County QL1 lidar project

Process Steps

Process Step 1

Process Step 2

Process Step 3

Catalog Details